By Lebedev, professor.
In family happened sorrow, as baby,which they are waited was born a incomplete, its a hard genetical disease Down , and baby staying by care, check and trying all correcting . A small sucess leading to big happiness, but parents are suffering, sicke baby is sorrow, and individual he is a double sorrow. And they are dreaming for him a brother, sister, as all, but if thunder strice now, maybe he will strike twice. A not think about a fatal inevitability for genetical diseases is wrong, its a not calming phrase, but affirmation, based on right calculation as acess by modern science. And we know genetical signs stayed in chromosomes, as genes beared, finding in cell nucleus. All our cells having 46 chromosomes, but 23 are dad s and 22 pars are mum s as they are same in both sex, 23 in womens having from both same, called conditionaly X chromosomes, in males sex chromosomes are different-theirs denoting X and Y. iN SEPARATING CELL process and from her forming are two new happening for doubling for chromosomes, every daughter cell getting a same chromosomes numbers, which had in mother.But when a forming sex cells are numbers of chromosomes here decreasing in twice, thus mature sex cells and female, male on 25 chromosomes. All female sex cells by chromosome structure are same as in numbers are 23 chromosomes enters always X chromosome.Sperm by structure a chromosome not same, half from theirs having sex chromosome X, half is Y, in connecting female and male sex cells are chromosomes numbers in embryo again staying 46.But if in fertilization taking part sperm with X chromosome, thus embryo having female sex, if sperm with X ,thus a male. In process growth and development for embryo every his cell getting genetical information, containing in chromosomes. When and on which stage this genetic will stay a pathologic?Under affecting a few chemical and physical and other are still not studied factors in substance for chromosome happening a stable changing is mutation, if changed somatic cell, mutation dissapears with organism dead, not having a meaning for a following generations. But if changes happened in sex cell and if she is mutation cell, entered in fertillization process are in her changes displayed transfering from mum s cells to daughter, destroying a normal embryo developming course. Hardness from development dissorders, future baby condition and destiny this family are depending from mutation kind. Destroying structure of chromosomes or changing theirs numbers somethimes happening are very importance, that finding in cell study under microscope. Such changes causing rough destroys, leading to embryo dead, but baby is was born for vital activity, but with seriouse deviations from norm.Down disease, where suffering mental development, as in all cells his organism a vegetative 47 chromosome. And maybe this family with Down syndrome a baby a true fatal doomed, that other children are true sick will be, and we arepeat,that no, such sorrow happening for one time, mutaion happening in one from sex cell from parent. And its eliminations are cases, when one from parent carry a hide chromosome mutation in all his cells, that in these families are 2-3 perc.of families such , where metting chromosome diseases a possible for repeating are sicked childrens is high. A how to know about these changes in cells?Yes, today its possiblr, methods for researching manufactured are finding in parents hide changes of chromosomes, as on an early pregnancy stages a condition for developming embryo , as does he is normal or having deviations in numbers and structures of chromosomes. If pathology found, thus pregnancy interrupting will prevent a tragedy.
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